HOW DO HYDROELECTRICITY POWER PLANT WORK?

There are four parts of atypical hydropower plant which collectively helps in generating electricity from moving water. These are DAMS, TURBINES, GENERATORS AND ROTOR & STATOR. First one is the dam. The dam is made on a river to collect water. It serves as a water reservior as whenever it rains, the water gets collected in the dam. The potential energy required for further work is generated by the water level difference between dams and the turbines which is very high(about 100 feets). Dams Also control the water flow through penstocks. The next step in the process is conversion of the kinectic energy of water into mechanical energy. The water flows from a hieight throw the channeled vessels known as PENSTOCKS to the turbines which have blades. The water falls at a speed of one gallon per second and has enough linetic energy that when they strike hard with the blades of the turbines, they start spinning which means that the kinetic energy is converted into mechanical energy.the turbines is resembled a lot by the windmills where the energy is created through wind instead of water. But the turbines use potential and mechanical energy of falling water to convert into work. Next is generators. After converting the kinergy into mechanical energy the shafts of the turbines convert the mechanical energy into elctric energy. Basically, the generators works on the principle of magnets which is that when you pass a magnet near a conductor, electric current flows through it. The rotor having pole rotates on a specific speed. When it rotates it passes the field poles across the stator to make sure that it has the same effect of electric field. The water should keep on moving constantly to make sure that the amount of electricity produced is great. Static water cannot genearte electricity. The electricity via power lines is transferred to substation which provides it to the consumers.

So, the process is of great importance. It should be performed properly and in a right manner so that maximum amount of electricity can be produced. This process is not much costly since it does not lead to any fuel production and not much health hazardous chemicals are produced by it. But the research is still going on.